Håkon Roland

• Roland, Håkon (2025). Christian Fredrik Wyller Schjøth (1846-1935). Compte Rendu: International Numismatic Council. ISSN 1562-6377. 72, s. 1–11. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Frederik Schjøth is one of the most important Norwegian numismatic collectors and benefactors to the Coin Cabinet at the University of Oslo (from 1999 a part of the Museum of Cultural History). The Frederik Schjøth Collection encompasses coinage from the Zhou dynasty (1122-255 bce) to the Qing dynasty (1644-1911), supplemented by numismatic material from Japan, Korea, and other East Asian states. It further includes medals and medallions, so-called ‘coin trees’ (unbroken strings of cast cash coins taken directly from the mould), and other forms of currency tokens, as well as original wooden boxes and packaging. The provenance and formation of this collection happened during the geopolitical and economic transformations that reshaped China in the nineteenth century, particularly during and after the Opium Wars

• Roland, Håkon & Visonà, Paolo (2025). Carthaginian bronze coins from a hoard found off the coast of Tunisia. Libyan Studies. ISSN 0263-7189. 55, s. 1–12. doi: 10.1017/lis.2025.10021. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  In 2022, a Tunisian citizen was arrested in Oslo when he tried to sell 30 Carthaginian bronze coins to a local antiques dealer. The dealer had previously alerted the police after receiving an email inquiry asking him whether he was interested in buying a ‘large number’ of Punic coins from an alleged underwater find, presumably a hoard, off the coast of Tunisia. The University of Oslo’s Museum of Cultural History, which cooperates with law-enforcement agencies and the authorities in cases involving illicit cultural artefacts, assisted with the identification of the coins. Eventually, the latter were returned to Tunisia, and Norwegian prosecutors dropped the charges against the Tunisian national. This article discusses the relevant legal framework of the case and the process that unfolded from the time when an attempt was made to sell the coins until they were returned to their country of origin. The broader numismatic implications of this find are also examined.

• Roland, Håkon (2024). Policy, Governance, and Compliance: Illicit Cultural Heritage Artefacts and the Construction of Value. I Kuldova, Tereza Østbø; Østbø, Jardar N & Shore, Cris (Red.), Compliance, Defiance, and ‘Dirty’ Luxury: New Perspectives on Anti-Corruption in Elite Contexts. Palgrave Macmillan. ISSN 9783031571398. s. 287–321. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-57140-4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This chapter explores how compliance with cultural heritage acts and regulations can lead to unintended outcomes when cultural artefacts encounter actors with different motives and intentions. The chapter examines two recent cases in Norway involving the seizure of pre-Columbian objects from Peru, which resulted in completely different outcomes. When law enforcement discovers illicit cultural heritage artefacts, they typically follow a set of regulations and guidelines outlined in national legislation and international conventions. The responsible actors are identified through heritage acts and best practices, and they usually express a strong willingness to comply with the regulations. However, informal structures and policy networks often influence how cultural heritage objects are handled, leading to varying interpretations and applications of the regulations. The value and significance of cultural heritage artefacts are determined by the choices and interests of different actors involved. The chapter discusses the complex network of influences that shape the perception of cultural heritage, including its use as diplomatic and political currency. The cases are analysed within the conceptual framework of heritage diplomacy and authorizing heritage discourse.

• Roland, Håkon (2021). Eidskog church revisited: coin-finds, architecture and the devotional use of money. I Gullbekk, Svein Harald; Kilger, Christoph; Kristensen, Steinar & Roland, Håkon (Red.), Coins in Churches Archaeology, Money and Religious Devotion in Medieval Northern Europe. Routledge. ISSN 9780367557065. s. 169–195. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This book focuses on the formative period of Church reform in the Middle Ages in Northern Europe, when the Church paved the way for the development of money economy on its own doorstep. Church archaeology provides evidence for patterns of monetary use related to liturgy, church architecture and devotional culture through the centuries. This volume encompasses Alpine European evidence, with emphasis on Gotland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Switzerland, which opens up a new field of research on religion and money for an international audience. Based on 100,000 single finds of coins from the 11th to 18th centuries from 650 Scandinavian churches, the volume offers an in-depth discussion of the concepts of ritual, liturgy and devotional uses of money, monetary space and spiritual economy within the framework of Christendom, the medieval church and church architecture. Written by international scholars, Coins in Churches will be a valuable resource for readers interested in the history of religion, money, the economy, and church architecture in Northern Europe in the Middle Ages.

Sjå alle arbeida i NVA

• Gullbekk, Svein Harald; Kilger, Christoph; Kristensen, Steinar & Roland, Håkon (2021). Coins in Churches Archaeology, Money and Religious Devotion in Medieval Northern Europe. Routledge. ISBN 9780367557065. 454 s. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This book focuses on the formative period of Church reform in the Middle Ages in Northern Europe, when the Church paved the way for the development of money economy on its own doorstep. Church archaeology provides evidence for patterns of monetary use related to liturgy, church architecture and devotional culture through the centuries. This volume encompasses Alpine European evidence, with emphasis on Gotland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Switzerland, which opens up a new field of research on religion and money for an international audience. Based on 100,000 single finds of coins from the 11th to 18th centuries from 650 Scandinavian churches, the volume offers an in-depth discussion of the concepts of ritual, liturgy and devotional uses of money, monetary space and spiritual economy within the framework of Christendom, the medieval church and church architecture. Written by international scholars, Coins in Churches will be a valuable resource for readers interested in the history of religion, money, the economy, and church architecture in Northern Europe in the Middle Ages.

Sjå alle arbeida i NVA

• Roland, Håkon (2025). Byzantine Coinage, Scandinavian Imitations and Early Urbanisation: Ways to Leveraging Research and Heritage Governance? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The presentation highlights three thematic areas with strong potential for Greek–Norwegian collaboration. First, Byzantine coins and their Scandinavian imitations provide a well-defined field where shared expertise can illuminate mechanisms of cultural contact. Around 700 Byzantine coins have been found in Scandinavia, alongside numerous local imitations. While the material is well documented, key questions remain about why such imitations were produced and how coinage functioned as a communicative technology. Combining Greek and Norwegian scholarship could therefore generate new interpretive approaches. The second theme concerns early medieval urbanisation (AD 600–900). Greek fieldwork at sites such as Kastro Apalirou offers exceptional evidence for planned settlements with sophisticated infrastructure. Although Norway lacks preserved towns from this period, recent excavations reveal complex proto-urban centres shaped by trade, maritime connectivity, and emerging political structures. Comparing Scandinavian emporia and Byzantine kastra may deepen understanding of how small, functionally dense settlements operated as urban ecologies. The third theme addresses cultural-heritage protection. The Norwegian Cultural Heritage Act assigns the national museum key responsibilities in combating illicit trafficking, advising authorities, and handling repatriations. Greece and Norway already participate together in initiatives such as ANCHISE and COST Action CPP4ALL. Joint research, training, and policy development could strengthen both countries’ capacity to protect shared archaeological resources, from the Viking Age to Byzantium.

• Roland, Håkon (2025). Den norske Blue Shield-komiteen. Aktiviteter og nettverk. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Blue Shield International (BSI) er en uavhengig organisasjon som arbeider for å beskytte kulturarv i krig, konflikt og katastrofer, ofte omtalt som kulturarvens “Røde Kors”. Arbeidet bygger på Haagkonvensjonen av 1954 og omfatter både operativ innsats og strategisk påvirkning. BSI samarbeider tett med FN-organer som UNESCO, OCHA og UN Peacekeeping, der FN fastsetter rammene, mens Blue Shield bidrar med ekspertise, opplæring og tekniske løsninger på bakken. Organisasjonens arbeid kan oppsummeres i fem hovedområder: operativ støtte i konfliktsoner, forebyggende beredskap, opplæring av militære styrker, dokumentasjon av skader og utvikling av politikk og standarder. Den norske Blue Shield-komiteen (BSN), etablert for 25 år siden og blant de første nasjonalkomiteene, har de siste årene gjennomgått en omfattende profesjonalisering som del av BSIs globale re-akkreditering. BSN har utviklet nasjonale strategier, styrket internasjonalt samarbeid og deltatt i arbeid for å beskytte og bevare kulturarv i blant annet Libanon og Afghanistan. BSN har bidratt internasjonalt blant annet med BSIs Training Course og i BSI Working Group on Countering Trafficking of Cultural Materials.

• Roland, Håkon & Oster, Sandee (2025). Numismatic analysis incorporates legal frameworks to trace illegally traded Carthaginian coins. [Journal]. Phys.org Magazine. doi: https:/phys.org/news/2025-10-numismatic-analysis-incorporates-legal-frameworks.html. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Populærvitenskapelig artikkel om Roland & Visona 2025

• Roland, Håkon & Oster, Sandee (2025). New study traces the origin of 2000-years-old looted coins and a missing coin hoard. [Journal]. Medium: The Academic. doi: https:/medium.com/the-academic/new-study-traces-the-origin-of-2000-year-old-looted-coins-a-missing-coin-hoard-533f3ebcfaae?sk=dc6ad4ebd97b4b0e33651fd0dfbbe868. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Populærvitenskapelig omtale av Roland & Visona 2025

• Roland, Håkon & Schøyen, Amanda (2025). En milliardær skilles fra sin mynt. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Beslag og repatriering av romersk aureus fra milliardæren Trond Mohn

• Roland, Håkon (2025). Workshop on Museum Ethics (commissioned by ICOM). Workshop I (Board and Management), Workshop II (staff). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2025). CULTcrime Research Network: Research and status Y2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2025). Strategies for the protection of Cultural Heritage Artefacts looted during War and Conflict – an International Perspective. doi: https:/eaa-online.org/congress-2025/scientific-programme/. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Strategies for Protection of Cultural Heritage Artefacts looted during War and Conflict – an International Perspective Cultural Heritage research has been strongly influenced by the current conflict in Ukraine. The paper will present recent research that exemplifies strategies to protect looted and trafficked cultural heritage artefacts during war and conflict with special attention to Ukraine. The increasing commodification of cultural heritage, driven by demand in the global antiquities market, has intensified looting and smuggling, particularly in war-torn regions. As a result, countless artefacts, termed “fragments of war,” are illegally circulated worldwide, exacerbating cultural destruction and undermining national identities. Cultural heritage crime is linked to broader criminal networks, including terrorism and drug trafficking. For example, Interpol’s seizure of 567,000 artefacts in 2020 alone underscores the magnitude of the problem. Strengthening crime prevention strategies is essential to curbing illegal trade. The 1954 Hague Convention and its Second Protocol emphasize the urgent need for preventive measures to safeguard cultural heritage in conflict zones. These measures include comprehensive inventories, emergency planning, and strategies for protecting or relocating artefacts. However, despite the international legal frameworks, enforcement remains inconsistent across nations. One major challenge is the ineffective coordination between national and international bodies. While Article 21 of the Hague Convention’s Second Protocol mandates the prevention of illicit export and movement of cultural objects, gaps in national regulations and enforcement mechanisms persist. Norway’s case illustrates this issue, where legal instruments exist but implementation falls short. Restitution of looted artefacts remains a crucial but under-addressed aspect of cultural heritage protection. The international community must reinforce its commitment to returning stolen artefacts to their countries of origin. National and international efforts must align to ensure that cultural heritage protection is not just a legal obligation but an active priority. Compliance with the Hague Convention’s Second Protocol, coupled with stronger enforcement, is vital for preserving humanity’s shared cultural legacy.

• Roland, Håkon (2025). Legal System and Challenges regarding Illicit Cultural Heritage in Norway. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2025). Plyndrete kulturgjenstander: Gjør Norge urett til rett? doi: https:/www.jus.uio.no/ikrs/forskning/arrangementer/konferanser/2025/kriminologikonferansen-2025/index.html. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Ratifiseringen av UNESCO 1970 i 2007 førte til økt fokus på plyndring og ulovlig handel med kulturgjenstander. Men nyere beslag, myndighetsvedtak og rettsavgjørelser har ført til at plyndrede gjenstander fra konfliktområder omsettes i Norge og finnes i norske samlinger. Dagens situasjon tyder på at Norge har blitt et transittland for ulovlige gjenstander. Gjør Norge urett til rett?

• Roland, Håkon (2025). Mynter fra gamle og nye vrakfunn – sensasjoner og kontroverser. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2025). Cultural heritage crime and public outreach: networks, potentials, and pitfalls. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The Museum of Cultural History has been entrusted with national responsibility for addressing cultural heritage crime, a domain marked by complexities in exhibitions and public communication despite significant public interest. Several critical questions emerge: Who are the target audiences? What content should and can be conveyed? To what extent should the museum assume the role of a societal actor in this field?

• Roland, Håkon (2025). Rundeskatten. Akerendam 1725 – vrakfunnet som endret Kulturminneloven. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2025). CULTCrime Research Network. Illicit Cultural Heritage Management and Research Potential. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2025). Recent seizures of Greek and Roman coins in Norway: Governance, Policy, and Compliance in the Illicit Trade of Cultural Heritage Artefacts. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Recent Seizures of Greek and Roman Coins in Norway: Governance, Policy, and Compliance in the Illicit Trade of Cultural Heritage The presentation examines how illicit trade in ancient coins intersects with museum governance, legal compliance, and international cultural heritage protection, drawing on recent Norwegian casework. Although most coin collecting is legitimate, a small but significant proportion derives from looting, resulting in severe loss of historical knowledge. In Norway, the Museum of Cultural History has a unique national role in managing illicit cultural heritage. Following public controversy around the Martin Schøyen Collection, the UNESCO 1970 Convention was implemented in Norway in 2007, assigning the museum responsibilities for export licensing and for handling seized artefacts. Nearly twenty years later, the museum has become the primary expert institution supporting ministries, police, and customs, handling 10–20 seizures annually and facilitating the restitution of around 1,000 artefacts in the last five years—mostly coins. Four cases demonstrate the complexities of this work: Spain Case: In 2021, 94 Roman coins were intercepted at the border. Despite clear evidence of illegal export from Spain, Norwegian courts returned the coins to the buyer due to procedural issues and translation inconsistencies, missing a critical precedent-setting opportunity. Kabul Case: Three Bactrian coins stolen from the National Museum of Afghanistan resurfaced in an Oslo auction. Although their illicit provenance was confirmed, Norwegian authorities declined to seize them due to “good faith” acquisition before convention ratification. Informal negotiation—supported by Afghan colleagues and the Blue Shield—ultimately secured their return to Norway for future repatriation. Mohn Case: In 2024, 220 Roman aurei of exceptional rarity surfaced in Oslo. Two coins were claimed by French and Italian authorities—one linked to the illegal Corsican “Lava Treasure” and another stolen from Pisa. Legal outcomes may differ because the UNESCO Convention is not retroactive, illustrating juridical inconsistency and potential diplomatic tension. Tunisia Case: A 2022 seizure of Punic coins from a maritime find demonstrated exemplary cooperation, culminating in repatriation and a high-profile ceremony. The process aligned closely with ongoing Norwegian–Tunisian energy negotiations, illustrating how restitution can function as heritage diplomacy. These cases reveal that cultural heritage crime occupies a liminal legal space: unlike narcotics or weapons, coins are not inherently illegal, and legality often depends on provenance—frequently obscured or contested. Green criminology and harm-based frameworks show how damage to cultural knowledge and identity can occur even when actions fall outside strict criminal definitions. Weak enforcement, inconsistent global laws, and a highly active antiquities market—particularly online—enable continued exploitation. Governance in this domain now involves diverse policy networks across governments, law enforcement, museums, NGOs, and the market—often with conflicting motivations. Diplomatic and economic priorities strongly influence outcomes, as seen in contrasting state engagement with Tunisia versus Afghanistan and Iraq. To advance a more coherent response, the Museum of Cultural History established the Cultural Heritage Crime Network (CULTcrime) in 2022, bringing together police intelligence, anthropologists, archaeologists, social scientists, and international partners. This transdisciplinary approach leverages operational casework to strengthen research and enhance the societal relevance of numismatics. Ultimately, combating illicit trade in coins requires aligning legal frameworks, compliance practices, diplomacy, and research. University museums must overcome disciplinary silos to address contemporary heritage crime and safeguard cultural resources for the future.

• Roland, Håkon (2025). Etikkworkshop for museer. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2025). Beredskap for kulturarv i tilfelle krig og kriser. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Oppstartsmøte for arbeidet med nasjonal beredskapsplan for kulturarv i tilfelle krig og kriser

• Roland, Håkon (2025). Assessment and recommendations on DECOPE WP4’. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Assessment of working package from the international research project DECOPE

• Roland, Håkon (2024). Report of Blue Shield Norway’s work on Illicit Cultural Heritage. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon; Strøm, Beate & Brekke, Katrine (2024). Kulturarven som mål, middel og motstandskraft. Nasjonal konferanse om beredskap i museer, bibliotek og arkiv [programkomite og panelleder]. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Larsen, Selma Stormyren (2024). Sier nei til tilbakeføring av kulturskatt. [Journal]. Klassekampen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Johansen, Elias Bakken (2024). Kontrovers om Munch-maleri: - Forskjell på å ha rett og å gjøre rett. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Lunde, Anders Firing (2024). Vedtak: Mynter fra Nasjonalmuseet i Afghanistan kan selges i Norge. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Schøyen, Amanda (2024). - En mynt blir ikke renvasket av å hvitvaskes. Politiet og milliardær Trond Mohn retter sterk kritikk mot hverandre etter sistnevntes siktelse for heleri av to sjeldne romerske gullmynter. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon; Biehl, Karl; Bøe, Eivind & Høgseth, Martin Hagh (2024). Trond Mohn siktet for heleri av historisk gullmynt. [Journal]. VG. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Holm-Nilsen, Sverre (2024). Milliardær Trond Mohn siktet for heleri av historisk gullmynt. [Journal]. NRK Nyheter og nrk.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon; Øvrebø, Emma Fondenes & Knutsen, Marthe (2024). NRK: Milliardær Trond Mohn siktet for heleri av historisk gullmynt. [Journal]. VG. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Larsen, Selma Stormyren (2024). Stjålne kulturskatter støver ned på lageret til Kulturhistorisk museum. Professor ber myndighetene få ut fingeren i saker om tilbakeføring. [Journal]. Klassekampen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Larsen, Selma Stormyren (2024). Har ikke varslet afghanerne. [Journal]. Klassekampen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2024). The 2021 seizure of Iraqi artefacts from The Schøyen Collection. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2024). Trafficked Cultural Heritage Artefacts: Between Transnational Governance and National Legal Frameworks. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2024). Norsk forvaltning 20 år etter «Skriftsamleren». Har bevisstheten omkring ulovlige kulturgjenstander endret seg? Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2024). Haag 1954 and national commitments to safeguarding cultural heritage in war and conflict. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2024). Cross-sectoral cooperation in the prevention of cultural heritage crime. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2024). A pioneer-collaboration between museum and law enforcement to safeguard numismatic artefacts. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rasmussen, Josephine Munch & Roland, Håkon (2024). Kulturarv i krig: Ukraina og Gaza. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2024). Book presentation (chapter): Policy, Governance, and Compliance: Illicit Cultural Heritage Artefacts and the Construction of Value. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon; Axelsen, Irmelin; Runhovde, Siv Rebekka & Didriksen, Kenneth (2024). CULTcrime: Samarbeid. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon; Akkus-Kocak, Emine; Arslan, Burak & Canseven, Umut (2024). Commercial Life. I Arslan, Burak & Aybek, Serdar (Red.), Metropolis. A City. Its People. Their Way of Life. Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayinlari. ISSN 9786053965756. s. 348–383. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Kleivan, Nikolai Melamed (2023). Smugler går fri: - Det er en skandale i seg selv [Tunisia, repatriering]. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Lunde, Anders Firing (2023). Norsk samler gir omstridt antikvitet til Irak [Schøyen-saken]. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Lunde, Anders Firing (2023). Forsker snur. Mener omstridt antikvitet er ekte [Schøyen-saken]. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Lunde, Anders Firing (2023). Tilbakelevering til Taliban? [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2023). Norges Banks pregkomite - snart en saga blott? Norsk Numismatisk Tidsskrift. ISSN 1894-2237. s. 4–17. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2023). 1. opponent ved PhD-disputas: Marie Berg Christensen, Museums and the Securitization of Cultural Heritage. The role of the museum sector in protecting cultural heritage in armed conflict. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2023). Cultural Heritage in War and Conflict. Cultural Heritage in War, Prevention in Peacetime. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2023). Haag 1954 2nd Protocol: National vs. International commitments for the protection of illicit cultural goods from areas of conflict and crisis. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2023). Illicit Cultural Heritage in Norway. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2023). Haag 1954 Convention and the Norwegian Heritage Act. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2023). Blue Shield and Cultural Heritage Protection in Ukraine. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Marden, Basem (2023). Panel discussion with Basem Marden on cultural heritage in Iraq. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2023). The Schøyen Seizure of Iraqi Artefacts. Actors, dilemmas, and media realities. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Flydal, Sofie Kristine (2023). Spor av Babels tårn: Norsk samler gir kontroversiell stein til Irak [Schøyen-saken]. [Journal]. Vårt Land. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2023). Mynter fra Nasjonalmuseet i Kabul forsøkt solgt i Oslo. [Journal]. NTB. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon; Andersen, Ida Yasin & Strøm, Beate (2023). Om Gaza og kulturarv i krig. [Radio]. NRK P2 Studio 2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2022). Gåtefullt myntfunn skaper splid blant forskere. [Radio]. NRK P2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Lunde, Anders Firing (2022). Schøyen-beslaget: - Denne historien høres Indiana Jones-aktig ut. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Lunde, Anders Firing (2022). Kritiserer Kulturdepartementet for å overlate Schøyen-saken til Irak. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Lunde, Anders Firing (2022). Schøyen-beslaget: Advokat mener saken har kollapset. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Bamle, Pelle (2022). Myntsmugler gikk i politifelle: - Det er ingen steder man kan forsyne seg av sånt. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Kleivan, Nikolai Melamed (2022). Her får storsamleren Martin Schøyen tilbake de beslaglagte gjenstandene. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Lunde, Anders Firing (2022). - Stelen er ekte. Martin Schøyen mener stelen er ekte, men åpner for at internasjonale forskere kan vurdere den nærmere. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon; Kleivan, Nikolai Melamed & Lunde, Anders Firing (2022). Krever tilbake Schøyen-samling: - De har ikke utredet saken rettslig og faktisk. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon; Kaur, Harmeet & Larsen, Dag Eivind Undheim (2022). Beholder Kongo-samling. [Journal]. Klassekampen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Lunde, Anders Firing (2022). Rapport om Schøyen-samlingen: «Gjenstandene bør returneres til Irak». [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Lunde, Anders Firing (2022). «Jeg får en stadig sterkere følelse av at den er forfalsket». Kulturdepartementet kaller den «en av de viktigste historiske gjenstander vi kjenner til» [Schøyen-saken]. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon; Kifle, Mylena & Sandal, Tomine (2022). Kulturarv kan gå tapt [Ukraina]. [Journal]. Klassekampen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Brække, Jonas (2022). Savner norsk initiativ [Ukraina]. [Journal]. Klassekampen. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Lunde, Anders Firing (2022). Krever at sentrale forskere fjernes fra Schøyen-saken. De to forskerne reagerer sterkt på advokat Cato Schiøtz’ uttalelser. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Lunde, Anders Firing (2022). - Nåværende politisk ledelse er fraværende. Kulturminister Anette Trettebergstuen får kritikk for å nedprioritere tilbakeleveringer av stjålne og ulovlig importerte kulturminner. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Lunde, Anders Firing (2022). Kulturdepartementet trekker seg fra Schøyen-saken. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Lunde, Anders Firing (2022). - At han har tusjet og risset på disse tingene, er helt hinsides [Schøyen-saken]. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2022). Recent research initiatives on combatting heritage crime. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2022). Illicit Heritage Objects and the Construction of Value. Objects, Regulations, and Cultural Diplomacy. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Illicit Heritage Objects and the Construction of Value. Objects, Regulations, and Cultural Diplomacy When the police or customs authorities come across illicit cultural heritage objects, a relative consistent set of regulations and ethical and normative guidelines given by national legislation and international conventions are put into effect. In a process of restitution, the responsible actors are defined through heritage acts and ‘best practice’, and usually express a strong will and motivation to comply with the regulations. A more complex picture is revealed when we study real-life examples in more detail. Informal conditions often determine how cultural heritage objects are considered in such processes, which regulations are considered or rejected, and that ‘compliance’ is used/misused in arguments for/against seizure and return. The talk is based on two recent police seizures in Norway. Both include identical pre-Columbian artifacts from Peru, but the two cases have completely different outcomes. A brief review of the cases will be the starting point for a reflection and discussion about the effect of the regulations, and the application of the heritage acts. Cultural heritage's inherent agency is activated when objects are included in complex meaning-making contexts across national borders and established professional networks and institutions. It will be demonstrated that the choices and interests of these actors determine the status and importance of the heritage objects. The discussion is based on Authorizing Heritage Discourse (L. Smith 2006) and problematises the terms Cultural diplomacy and Heritage diplomacy as interpretive frameworks for heritage objects that enter the diplomatic sphere. The complex network of actors that influence the construction of value of cultural heritage and how objects is activated as diplomatic and political currencies will be discussed, partly based on the terms Governance vs. Compliance.

• Roland, Håkon (2022). Implementation of Haag 1954, 2nd Protocol. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon; Kolstad, Stig & Brodahl, Viljam (2022). Prøvde å selge 30 mynter fra 200 før Kristus: - Skjønte at noe var muffens. [Journal]. Avisa Oslo. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Vogt, Yngve (2022). Makt gjennom gullmynter. [Journal]. Apollon. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Nematpoor, Siamak (2022). Kulturgjenstander fra Irak må leveres tilbake [Schøyen-saken]. [Journal]. NRK Nyheter og nrk.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Berntsen, Samuel Ostrev (2022). Historiske mynter smugles til Norge – kan være 2500 år gamle. [Journal]. NRK Nyheter og nrk.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Holm, Hege (2021). Salg av ulovlige mynter. [Radio]. NRK P1+. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Om salg av proveniensløse mynter og innleveringsplikten for metallsøkerfunn

• Roland, Håkon & Mauren, Arnfinn (2021). Rett før storauksjonen banket politiet på døren. [Journal]. Aftenposten. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Politibeslag av objekter på myntauksjon

• Roland, Håkon (2021). Økokrim med storbeslag hos kunstsamler og mangemillionær. [Journal]. Dagens Næringsliv. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2021). Norwegian police seize artefacts from the Martin Schøyen collection. [Internet]. ARCA: Art Crime Blog. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2021). Økokrim med stor aksjon mot norsk samler. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2021). Kjempebeslag av uvurderlige kulturgjenstander hos norsk storssamler. [Internet]. NRK Nyheter og nrk.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon; Kleivan, Nikolai Melamed & Lunde, Anders Firing (2021). Vil ha skilsmisse mellom forskere og samlere [Schøyen-saken]. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Kleivan, Nikolai Melamed (2021). - Det er intet grunnlag for Iraks krav om retur [Schøyen-saken]. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon; Lunde, Anders Firing & Kleivan, Nikolai Melamed (2021). Økokrim med stor aksjon mot norsk samler. [Journal]. Morgenbladet. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2021). The significance of the 1970 UNESCO Convention for National Legislation in the Fight Against Illegal Trade of Cultural Property. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2021). Noreg leverte 600 ulovlege innførte kulturminner tilbake til ti land. [Journal]. Uniforum. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2021). Repatriering av 600 beslaglagte kulturgjenstander. [TV]. NRK TV, Dagsrevyen (og nrk.no). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2021). Regjeringen leverte tilbake rekordmange ulovlig importerte kulturminner. [Internet]. Regjeringen (regjeringen.no). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon (2021). Kulturhistorisk museum og Kulturdepartementet tilbakeførte ulovlig importerte kulturminner. [Internet]. Norges museumsforbund (museumsforbundet.no). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Roland, Håkon & Prescott, Christopher (2022). Report with assessment and recommendations concerning objects impounded at Martin Schøyen's residence August 24, 2021. Museum of Cultural History, University of Oslo. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  In 2021 The Embassy of Iraq requested assistance from the Norwegian Ministry of Culture and pertinent authorities to secure 107 cuneiform objects and 656 Jewish incantation bowls suspected of originating from Iraq, now in the possession of the Norwegian collector Martin Schøyen. The Iraqi embassy asserted that the objects are illicitly obtained and exported from Iraq, and hence acquired illegally by Schøyen. On request, the Museum of Cultural History formally joined the National Authority for Investigation and Prosecution of Economic and Environmental Crime in Norway (Økokrim) and participated in the police operation in August 2021 directed towards Martin Schøyen with the intention of seizing the artefacts. During the search, a total of 83 of the requested objects were identified and seized. The artefacts were transported to the museum's premises in Oslo for documentation and preparation for the museum’s assessment report. The 249 pages report was published on Regjeringen.no in March 2022.

• Gullbekk, Svein Harald; Risvaag, Jon Anders; Sættem, Anette; Ramberg, Linn Eikje & Roland, Håkon (2022). Survey of Numismatic Research 2014–2020: Norway General Editors: Michael Alram – Jarosław Bodzek – Aleksander Bursche. INTERNATIONAL NUMISMATIC COUNCIL. ISSN 9783952572108. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

Sjå alle arbeida i NVA